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---
title: Text and Typography
description: Examples of text, typography, math equations, diagrams, flowcharts, pictures, videos, and more.
author: cotes
date: 2019-08-08 11:33:00 +0800
categories: [Blogging, Demo]
tags: [typography]
pin: true
math: true
mermaid: true
image:
path: /commons/devices-mockup.png
lqip: data:image/webp;base64,UklGRpoAAABXRUJQVlA4WAoAAAAQAAAADwAABwAAQUxQSDIAAAARL0AmbZurmr57yyIiqE8oiG0bejIYEQTgqiDA9vqnsUSI6H+oAERp2HZ65qP/VIAWAFZQOCBCAAAA8AEAnQEqEAAIAAVAfCWkAALp8sF8rgRgAP7o9FDvMCkMde9PK7euH5M1m6VWoDXf2FkP3BqV0ZYbO6NA/VFIAAAA
alt: Responsive rendering of Chirpy theme on multiple devices.
---
## Headings
<!-- markdownlint-capture -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable -->
# H1 — heading
{: .mt-4 .mb-0 }
## H2 — heading
{: data-toc-skip='' .mt-4 .mb-0 }
### H3 — heading
{: data-toc-skip='' .mt-4 .mb-0 }
#### H4 — heading
{: data-toc-skip='' .mt-4 }
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
## Paragraph
Quisque egestas convallis ipsum, ut sollicitudin risus tincidunt a. Maecenas interdum malesuada egestas. Duis consectetur porta risus, sit amet vulputate urna facilisis ac. Phasellus semper dui non purus ultrices sodales. Aliquam ante lorem, ornare a feugiat ac, finibus nec mauris. Vivamus ut tristique nisi. Sed vel leo vulputate, efficitur risus non, posuere mi. Nullam tincidunt bibendum rutrum. Proin commodo ornare sapien. Vivamus interdum diam sed sapien blandit, sit amet aliquam risus mattis. Nullam arcu turpis, mollis quis laoreet at, placerat id nibh. Suspendisse venenatis eros eros.
## Lists
### Ordered list
1. Firstly
2. Secondly
3. Thirdly
### Unordered list
- Chapter
- Section
- Paragraph
### ToDo list
- [ ] Job
- [x] Step 1
- [x] Step 2
- [ ] Step 3
### Description list
Sun
: the star around which the earth orbits
Moon
: the natural satellite of the earth, visible by reflected light from the sun
## Block Quote
> This line shows the _block quote_.
## Prompts
<!-- markdownlint-capture -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable -->
> An example showing the `tip` type prompt.
{: .prompt-tip }
> An example showing the `info` type prompt.
{: .prompt-info }
> An example showing the `warning` type prompt.
{: .prompt-warning }
> An example showing the `danger` type prompt.
{: .prompt-danger }
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
## Tables
| Company | Contact | Country |
| :--------------------------- | :--------------- | ------: |
| Alfreds Futterkiste | Maria Anders | Germany |
| Island Trading | Helen Bennett | UK |
| Magazzini Alimentari Riuniti | Giovanni Rovelli | Italy |
## Links
<http://127.0.0.1:4000>
## Footnote
Click the hook will locate the footnote[^footnote], and here is another footnote[^fn-nth-2].
## Inline code
This is an example of `Inline Code`.
## Filepath
Here is the `/path/to/the/file.extend`{: .filepath}.
## Code blocks
### Common
```text
This is a common code snippet, without syntax highlight and line number.
```
### Specific Language
```bash
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "The command was not successful.";
#do the needful / exit
fi;
```
### Specific filename
```sass
@import
"colors/light-typography",
"colors/dark-typography";
```
{: file='_sass/jekyll-theme-chirpy.scss'}
## Mathematics
The mathematics powered by [**MathJax**](https://www.mathjax.org/):
$$
\begin{equation}
\sum_{n=1}^\infty 1/n^2 = \frac{\pi^2}{6}
\label{eq:series}
\end{equation}
$$
We can reference the equation as \eqref{eq:series}.
When $a \ne 0$, there are two solutions to $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ and they are
$$ x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a} $$
## Mermaid SVG
```mermaid
gantt
title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to mermaid
apple :a, 2017-07-20, 1w
banana :crit, b, 2017-07-23, 1d
cherry :active, c, after b a, 1d
```
## Images
### Default (with caption)
![Desktop View](/posts/20190808/mockup.png){: width="972" height="589" }
_Full screen width and center alignment_
### Left aligned
![Desktop View](/posts/20190808/mockup.png){: width="972" height="589" .w-75 .normal}
### Float to left
![Desktop View](/posts/20190808/mockup.png){: width="972" height="589" .w-50 .left}
Praesent maximus aliquam sapien. Sed vel neque in dolor pulvinar auctor. Maecenas pharetra, sem sit amet interdum posuere, tellus lacus eleifend magna, ac lobortis felis ipsum id sapien. Proin ornare rutrum metus, ac convallis diam volutpat sit amet. Phasellus volutpat, elit sit amet tincidunt mollis, felis mi scelerisque mauris, ut facilisis leo magna accumsan sapien. In rutrum vehicula nisl eget tempor. Nullam maximus ullamcorper libero non maximus. Integer ultricies velit id convallis varius. Praesent eu nisl eu urna finibus ultrices id nec ex. Mauris ac mattis quam. Fusce aliquam est nec sapien bibendum, vitae malesuada ligula condimentum.
### Float to right
![Desktop View](/posts/20190808/mockup.png){: width="972" height="589" .w-50 .right}
Praesent maximus aliquam sapien. Sed vel neque in dolor pulvinar auctor. Maecenas pharetra, sem sit amet interdum posuere, tellus lacus eleifend magna, ac lobortis felis ipsum id sapien. Proin ornare rutrum metus, ac convallis diam volutpat sit amet. Phasellus volutpat, elit sit amet tincidunt mollis, felis mi scelerisque mauris, ut facilisis leo magna accumsan sapien. In rutrum vehicula nisl eget tempor. Nullam maximus ullamcorper libero non maximus. Integer ultricies velit id convallis varius. Praesent eu nisl eu urna finibus ultrices id nec ex. Mauris ac mattis quam. Fusce aliquam est nec sapien bibendum, vitae malesuada ligula condimentum.
### Dark/Light mode & Shadow
The image below will toggle dark/light mode based on theme preference, notice it has shadows.
![light mode only](/posts/20190808/devtools-light.png){: .light .w-75 .shadow .rounded-10 w='1212' h='668' }
![dark mode only](/posts/20190808/devtools-dark.png){: .dark .w-75 .shadow .rounded-10 w='1212' h='668' }
## Video
{% include embed/youtube.html id='Balreaj8Yqs' %}
## Reverse Footnote
[^footnote]: The footnote source
[^fn-nth-2]: The 2nd footnote source

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---
title: Writing a New Post
author: cotes
date: 2019-08-08 14:10:00 +0800
categories: [Blogging, Tutorial]
tags: [writing]
render_with_liquid: false
---
This tutorial will guide you how to write a post in the _Chirpy_ template, and it's worth reading even if you've used Jekyll before, as many features require specific variables to be set.
## Naming and Path
Create a new file named `YYYY-MM-DD-TITLE.EXTENSION`{: .filepath} and put it in the `_posts`{: .filepath} of the root directory. Please note that the `EXTENSION`{: .filepath} must be one of `md`{: .filepath} and `markdown`{: .filepath}. If you want to save time of creating files, please consider using the plugin [`Jekyll-Compose`](https://github.com/jekyll/jekyll-compose) to accomplish this.
## Front Matter
Basically, you need to fill the [Front Matter](https://jekyllrb.com/docs/front-matter/) as below at the top of the post:
```yaml
---
title: TITLE
date: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS +/-TTTT
categories: [TOP_CATEGORIE, SUB_CATEGORIE]
tags: [TAG] # TAG names should always be lowercase
---
```
> The posts' _layout_ has been set to `post` by default, so there is no need to add the variable _layout_ in the Front Matter block.
{: .prompt-tip }
### Timezone of Date
To accurately record the release date of a post, you should not only set up the `timezone` of `_config.yml`{: .filepath} but also provide the post's timezone in variable `date` of its Front Matter block. Format: `+/-TTTT`, e.g. `+0800`.
### Categories and Tags
The `categories` of each post are designed to contain up to two elements, and the number of elements in `tags` can be zero to infinity. For instance:
```yaml
---
categories: [Animal, Insect]
tags: [bee]
---
```
### Author Information
The author information of the post usually does not need to be filled in the _Front Matter_ , they will be obtained from variables `social.name` and the first entry of `social.links` of the configuration file by default. But you can also override it as follows:
Adding author information in `_data/authors.yml` (If your website doesn't have this file, don't hesitate to create one).
```yaml
<author_id>:
name: <full name>
twitter: <twitter_of_author>
url: <homepage_of_author>
```
{: file="_data/authors.yml" }
And then use `author` to specify a single entry or `authors` to specify multiple entries:
```yaml
---
author: <author_id> # for single entry
# or
authors: [<author1_id>, <author2_id>] # for multiple entries
---
```
Having said that, the key `author` can also identify multiple entries.
> The benefit of reading the author information from the file `_data/authors.yml`{: .filepath } is that the page will have the meta tag `twitter:creator`, which enriches the [Twitter Cards](https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-for-websites/cards/guides/getting-started#card-and-content-attribution) and is good for SEO.
{: .prompt-info }
### Post Description
By default, the first words of the post are used to display on the home page for a list of posts, in the _Further Reading_ section, and in the XML of the RSS feed. If you don't want to display the auto-generated description for the post, you can customize it using the `description` field in the _Front Matter_ as follows:
```yaml
---
description: Short summary of the post.
---
```
Additionally, the `description` text will also be displayed under the post title on the post's page.
## Table of Contents
By default, the **T**able **o**f **C**ontents (TOC) is displayed on the right panel of the post. If you want to turn it off globally, go to `_config.yml`{: .filepath} and set the value of variable `toc` to `false`. If you want to turn off TOC for a specific post, add the following to the post's [Front Matter](https://jekyllrb.com/docs/front-matter/):
```yaml
---
toc: false
---
```
## Comments
The global switch of comments is defined by variable `comments.active` in the file `_config.yml`{: .filepath}. After selecting a comment system for this variable, comments will be turned on for all posts.
If you want to close the comment for a specific post, add the following to the **Front Matter** of the post:
```yaml
---
comments: false
---
```
## Media
We refer to images, audio and video as media resources in _Chirpy_.
### URL Prefix
From time to time we have to define duplicate URL prefixes for multiple resources in a post, which is a boring task that you can avoid by setting two parameters.
- If you are using a CDN to host media files, you can specify the `cdn` in `_config.yml`{: .filepath }. The URLs of media resources for site avatar and posts are then prefixed with the CDN domain name.
```yaml
cdn: https://cdn.com
```
{: file='_config.yml' .nolineno }
- To specify the resource path prefix for the current post/page range, set `media_subpath` in the _front matter_ of the post:
```yaml
---
media_subpath: /path/to/media/
---
```
{: .nolineno }
The option `site.cdn` and `page.media_subpath` can be used individually or in combination to flexibly compose the final resource URL: `[site.cdn/][page.media_subpath/]file.ext`
### Images
#### Caption
Add italics to the next line of an image, then it will become the caption and appear at the bottom of the image:
```markdown
![img-description](/path/to/image)
_Image Caption_
```
{: .nolineno}
#### Size
To prevent the page content layout from shifting when the image is loaded, we should set the width and height for each image.
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: width="700" height="400" }
```
{: .nolineno}
> For an SVG, you have to at least specify its _width_, otherwise it won't be rendered.
{: .prompt-info }
Starting from _Chirpy v5.0.0_, `height` and `width` support abbreviations (`height` → `h`, `width` → `w`). The following example has the same effect as the above:
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: w="700" h="400" }
```
{: .nolineno}
#### Position
By default, the image is centered, but you can specify the position by using one of the classes `normal`, `left`, and `right`.
> Once the position is specified, the image caption should not be added.
{: .prompt-warning }
- **Normal position**
Image will be left aligned in below sample:
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: .normal }
```
{: .nolineno}
- **Float to the left**
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: .left }
```
{: .nolineno}
- **Float to the right**
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: .right }
```
{: .nolineno}
#### Dark/Light mode
You can make images follow theme preferences in dark/light mode. This requires you to prepare two images, one for dark mode and one for light mode, and then assign them a specific class (`dark` or `light`):
```markdown
![Light mode only](/path/to/light-mode.png){: .light }
![Dark mode only](/path/to/dark-mode.png){: .dark }
```
#### Shadow
The screenshots of the program window can be considered to show the shadow effect:
```markdown
![Desktop View](/assets/img/sample/mockup.png){: .shadow }
```
{: .nolineno}
#### Preview Image
If you want to add an image at the top of the post, please provide an image with a resolution of `1200 x 630`. Please note that if the image aspect ratio does not meet `1.91 : 1`, the image will be scaled and cropped.
Knowing these prerequisites, you can start setting the image's attribute:
```yaml
---
image:
path: /path/to/image
alt: image alternative text
---
```
Note that the [`media_subpath`](#url-prefix) can also be passed to the preview image, that is, when it has been set, the attribute `path` only needs the image file name.
For simple use, you can also just use `image` to define the path.
```yml
---
image: /path/to/image
---
```
#### LQIP
For preview images:
```yaml
---
image:
lqip: /path/to/lqip-file # or base64 URI
---
```
> You can observe LQIP in the preview image of post \"[Text and Typography](../text-and-typography/)\".
For normal images:
```markdown
![Image description](/path/to/image){: lqip="/path/to/lqip-file" }
```
{: .nolineno }
### Video
#### Social Media Platform
You can embed videos from social media platforms with the following syntax:
```liquid
{% include embed/{Platform}.html id='{ID}' %}
```
Where `Platform` is the lowercase of the platform name, and `ID` is the video ID.
The following table shows how to get the two parameters we need in a given video URL, and you can also know the currently supported video platforms.
| Video URL | Platform | ID |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | :------------- |
| [https://www.**youtube**.com/watch?v=**H-B46URT4mg**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-B46URT4mg) | `youtube` | `H-B46URT4mg` |
| [https://www.**twitch**.tv/videos/**1634779211**](https://www.twitch.tv/videos/1634779211) | `twitch` | `1634779211` |
| [https://www.**bilibili**.com/video/**BV1Q44y1B7Wf**](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Q44y1B7Wf) | `bilibili` | `BV1Q44y1B7Wf` |
#### Video Files
If you want to embed a video file directly, use the following syntax:
```liquid
{% include embed/video.html src='{URL}' %}
```
Where `URL` is a URL to a video file e.g. `/path/to/sample/video.mp4`.
You can also specify additional attributes for the embedded video file. Here is a full list of attributes allowed.
- `poster='/path/to/poster.png'` — poster image for a video that is shown while video is downloading
- `title='Text'` — title for a video that appears below the video and looks same as for images
- `autoplay=true` — video automatically begins to play back as soon as it can
- `loop=true` — automatically seek back to the start upon reaching the end of the video
- `muted=true` — audio will be initially silenced
- `types` — specify the extensions of additional video formats separated by `|`. Ensure these files exist in the same directory as your primary video file.
Consider an example using all of the above:
```liquid
{%
include embed/video.html
src='/path/to/video.mp4'
types='ogg|mov'
poster='poster.png'
title='Demo video'
autoplay=true
loop=true
muted=true
%}
```
### Audios
If you want to embed an audio file directly, use the following syntax:
```liquid
{% include embed/audio.html src='{URL}' %}
```
Where `URL` is a URL to an audio file e.g. `/path/to/audio.mp3`.
You can also specify additional attributes for the embedded audio file. Here is a full list of attributes allowed.
- `title='Text'` — title for an audio that appears below the audio and looks same as for images
- `types` — specify the extensions of additional audio formats separated by `|`. Ensure these files exist in the same directory as your primary audio file.
Consider an example using all of the above:
```liquid
{%
include embed/audio.html
src='/path/to/audio.mp3'
types='ogg|wav|aac'
title='Demo audio'
%}
```
## Pinned Posts
You can pin one or more posts to the top of the home page, and the fixed posts are sorted in reverse order according to their release date. Enable by:
```yaml
---
pin: true
---
```
## Prompts
There are several types of prompts: `tip`, `info`, `warning`, and `danger`. They can be generated by adding the class `prompt-{type}` to the blockquote. For example, define a prompt of type `info` as follows:
```md
> Example line for prompt.
{: .prompt-info }
```
{: .nolineno }
## Syntax
### Inline Code
```md
`inline code part`
```
{: .nolineno }
### Filepath Highlight
```md
`/path/to/a/file.extend`{: .filepath}
```
{: .nolineno }
### Code Block
Markdown symbols ```` ``` ```` can easily create a code block as follows:
````md
```
This is a plaintext code snippet.
```
````
#### Specifying Language
Using ```` ```{language} ```` you will get a code block with syntax highlight:
````markdown
```yaml
key: value
```
````
> The Jekyll tag `{% highlight %}` is not compatible with this theme.
{: .prompt-danger }
#### Line Number
By default, all languages except `plaintext`, `console`, and `terminal` will display line numbers. When you want to hide the line number of a code block, add the class `nolineno` to it:
````markdown
```shell
echo 'No more line numbers!'
```
{: .nolineno }
````
#### Specifying the Filename
You may have noticed that the code language will be displayed at the top of the code block. If you want to replace it with the file name, you can add the attribute `file` to achieve this:
````markdown
```shell
# content
```
{: file="path/to/file" }
````
#### Liquid Codes
If you want to display the **Liquid** snippet, surround the liquid code with `{% raw %}` and `{% endraw %}`:
````markdown
{% raw %}
```liquid
{% if product.title contains 'Pack' %}
This product's title contains the word Pack.
{% endif %}
```
{% endraw %}
````
Or adding `render_with_liquid: false` (Requires Jekyll 4.0 or higher) to the post's YAML block.
## Mathematics
We use [**MathJax**][mathjax] to generate mathematics. For website performance reasons, the mathematical feature won't be loaded by default. But it can be enabled by:
[mathjax]: https://www.mathjax.org/
```yaml
---
math: true
---
```
After enabling the mathematical feature, you can add math equations with the following syntax:
- **Block math** should be added with `$$ math $$` with **mandatory** blank lines before and after `$$`
- **Inserting equation numbering** should be added with `$$\begin{equation} math \end{equation}$$`
- **Referencing equation numbering** should be done with `\label{eq:label_name}` in the equation block and `\eqref{eq:label_name}` inline with text (see example below)
- **Inline math** (in lines) should be added with `$$ math $$` without any blank line before or after `$$`
- **Inline math** (in lists) should be added with `\$$ math $$`
```markdown
<!-- Block math, keep all blank lines -->
$$
LaTeX_math_expression
$$
<!-- Equation numbering, keep all blank lines -->
$$
\begin{equation}
LaTeX_math_expression
\label{eq:label_name}
\end{equation}
$$
Can be referenced as \eqref{eq:label_name}.
<!-- Inline math in lines, NO blank lines -->
"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, $$ LaTeX_math_expression $$ consectetur adipiscing elit."
<!-- Inline math in lists, escape the first `$` -->
1. \$$ LaTeX_math_expression $$
2. \$$ LaTeX_math_expression $$
3. \$$ LaTeX_math_expression $$
```
> Starting with `v7.0.0`, configuration options for **MathJax** have been moved to file `assets/js/data/mathjax.js`{: .filepath }, and you can change the options as needed, such as adding [extensions][mathjax-exts].
> If you are building the site via `chirpy-starter`, copy that file from the gem installation directory (check with command `bundle info --path jekyll-theme-chirpy`) to the same directory in your repository.
{: .prompt-tip }
[mathjax-exts]: https://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/input/tex/extensions/index.html
## Mermaid
[**Mermaid**](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid) is a great diagram generation tool. To enable it on your post, add the following to the YAML block:
```yaml
---
mermaid: true
---
```
Then you can use it like other markdown languages: surround the graph code with ```` ```mermaid ```` and ```` ``` ````.
## Learn More
For more knowledge about Jekyll posts, visit the [Jekyll Docs: Posts](https://jekyllrb.com/docs/posts/).

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---
title: Getting Started
description: >-
Get started with Chirpy basics in this comprehensive overview.
You will learn how to install, configure, and use your first Chirpy-based website, as well as deploy it to a web server.
author: cotes
date: 2019-08-09 20:55:00 +0800
categories: [Blogging, Tutorial]
tags: [getting started]
pin: true
media_subpath: '/posts/20180809'
---
## Prerequisites
Follow the instructions in the [Jekyll Docs](https://jekyllrb.com/docs/installation/) to complete the installation of the basic environment. [Git](https://git-scm.com/) also needs to be installed.
## Installation
### Creating a New Site
There are two ways to create a new repository for this theme:
- [**Using the Chirpy Starter**](#option-1-using-the-chirpy-starter) — Easy to upgrade, isolates irrelevant project files so you can focus on writing.
- [**GitHub Fork**](#option-2-github-fork) — Convenient for custom development, but difficult to upgrade. Unless you are familiar with Jekyll and are determined to tweak or contribute to this project, this approach is not recommended.
#### Option 1. Using the Chirpy Starter
Sign in to GitHub and browse to [**Chirpy Starter**][starter], click the button <kbd>Use this template</kbd> > <kbd>Create a new repository</kbd>, and name the new repository `USERNAME.github.io`, where `USERNAME` represents your GitHub username.
#### Option 2. GitHub Fork
Sign in to GitHub to [fork **Chirpy**](https://github.com/cotes2020/jekyll-theme-chirpy/fork), and then rename it to `USERNAME.github.io` (`USERNAME` means your username).
Next, clone the repository to your local machine, make sure it has [Node.js][nodejs] installed, then go to the root directory of the repo and run the following command:
```console
$ bash tools/init.sh
```
> If you don't want to deploy your site on GitHub Pages, append option `--no-gh` at the end of the above command.
{: .prompt-info }
The above command will:
1. Check out the code to the [latest tag][latest-tag] (to ensure the stability of your site: as the code for the default branch is under development).
2. Remove non-essential sample files and take care of GitHub-related files.
3. Build CSS/JS assets files and then make them tracked by Git.
4. Automatically create a new commit to save the changes above.
### Installing Dependencies
Before running local server for the first time, go to the root directory of your site and run:
```console
$ bundle
```
## Usage
### Configuration
Update the variables in `_config.yml`{: .filepath} as needed. Some typical options include:
- `url`
- `avatar`
- `timezone`
- `lang`
### Social Contact Options
Social contact options are displayed at the bottom of the sidebar. You can enable or disable specific contacts in the `_data/contact.yml`{: .filepath} file.
### Customizing the Stylesheet
To customize the stylesheet, copy the theme's `assets/css/jekyll-theme-chirpy.scss`{: .filepath} file to the same path in your Jekyll site, and add your custom styles at the end of the file.
Starting with version `6.2.0`, if you want to overwrite the SASS variables defined in `_sass/addon/variables.scss`{: .filepath}, copy the main SASS file `_sass/main.scss`{: .filepath} to the `_sass`{: .filepath} directory in your site's source, then create a new file `_sass/variables-hook.scss`{: .filepath} and assign your new values there.
### Customizing Static Assets
Static assets configuration was introduced in version `5.1.0`. The CDN of the static assets is defined in `_data/origin/cors.yml`{: .filepath }. You can replace some of them based on to the network conditions in the region where your website is published.
Also, if you'd like to self-host the static assets, please refer to the [_chirpy-static-assets_](https://github.com/cotes2020/chirpy-static-assets#readme).
### Running Local Server
You may want to preview the site contents before publishing, so just run it by:
```console
$ bundle exec jekyll s
```
After a few seconds, the local service will be published at _<http://127.0.0.1:4000>_.
## Deployment
Before deploying, check the `_config.yml`{: .filepath} file and ensure the `url` is configured correctly. If you prefer a [**project site**](https://help.github.com/en/github/working-with-github-pages/about-github-pages#types-of-github-pages-sites) and don't use a custom domain, or if you want to visit your website with a base URL on a web server other than **GitHub Pages**, remember to set the `baseurl` to your project name, starting with a slash, e.g., `/project-name`.
Now you can choose _ONE_ of the following methods to deploy your Jekyll site.
### Deploy Using GitHub Actions
Prepare the following:
- If you're on the GitHub Free plan, keep your site repository public.
- If you have committed `Gemfile.lock`{: .filepath} to the repository, and your local machine is not running Linux, update the platform list of the lock file:
```console
$ bundle lock --add-platform x86_64-linux
```
Next, configure the _Pages_ service:
1. Go to your repository on GitHub. Select the _Settings_ tab, then click _Pages_ in the left navigation bar. In the **Source** section (under _Build and deployment_), select [**GitHub Actions**][pages-workflow-src] from the dropdown menu.
![Build source](pages-source-light.png){: .light .border .normal w='375' h='140' }
![Build source](pages-source-dark.png){: .dark .normal w='375' h='140' }
2. Push any commits to GitHub to trigger the _Actions_ workflow. In the _Actions_ tab of your repository, you should see the workflow _Build and Deploy_ running. Once the build is complete and successful, the site will be deployed automatically.
You can now visit the URL provided by GitHub to access your site.
### Manual Build and Deployment
For self-hosted servers, you will need to build the site on your local machine and then upload the site files to the server.
Navigate to the root of the source project, and build your site with the following command:
```console
$ JEKYLL_ENV=production bundle exec jekyll b
```
Unless you specified the output path, the generated site files will be placed in the `_site`{: .filepath} folder of the project's root directory. Upload these files to your target server.
[nodejs]: https://nodejs.org/
[starter]: https://github.com/cotes2020/chirpy-starter
[pages-workflow-src]: https://docs.github.com/en/pages/getting-started-with-github-pages/configuring-a-publishing-source-for-your-github-pages-site#publishing-with-a-custom-github-actions-workflow
[latest-tag]: https://github.com/cotes2020/jekyll-theme-chirpy/tags

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---
title: Customize the Favicon
author: cotes
date: 2019-08-11 00:34:00 +0800
categories: [Blogging, Tutorial]
tags: [favicon]
---
The [favicons](https://www.favicon-generator.org/about/) of [**Chirpy**](https://github.com/cotes2020/jekyll-theme-chirpy/) are placed in the directory `assets/img/favicons/`{: .filepath}. You may want to replace them with your own. The following sections will guide you to create and replace the default favicons.
## Generate the favicon
Prepare a square image (PNG, JPG, or SVG) with a size of 512x512 or more, and then go to the online tool [**Real Favicon Generator**](https://realfavicongenerator.net/) and click the button <kbd>Select your Favicon image</kbd> to upload your image file.
In the next step, the webpage will show all usage scenarios. You can keep the default options, scroll to the bottom of the page, and click the button <kbd>Generate your Favicons and HTML code</kbd> to generate the favicon.
## Download & Replace
Download the generated package, unzip and delete the following two from the extracted files:
- `browserconfig.xml`{: .filepath}
- `site.webmanifest`{: .filepath}
And then copy the remaining image files (`.PNG`{: .filepath} and `.ICO`{: .filepath}) to cover the original files in the directory `assets/img/favicons/`{: .filepath} of your Jekyll site. If your Jekyll site doesn't have this directory yet, just create one.
The following table will help you understand the changes to the favicon files:
| File(s) | From Online Tool | From Chirpy |
|---------------------|:---------------------------------:|:-----------:|
| `*.PNG` | ✓ | ✗ |
| `*.ICO` | ✓ | ✗ |
<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
> ✓ means keep, ✗ means delete.
{: .prompt-info }
The next time you build the site, the favicon will be replaced with a customized edition.